medifile

Problem

Applications communicate with web services by exchanging HTTP requests. During software development, externally hosted services are used by developers to debug software quality issues relating to exchanging HTTP requests. Attackers commonly abuse tools designed for HTTP request inspection to monitor network traffic and extract sensitive information from the HTTP traffic. While the presence of domains related to HTTP inspection does not imply malicious intent, all of their uses in a software package should be documented and approved. Attackers might have purposely injected security testing tools in the software package to monitor the network traffic of the infected computer system. It is also possible that the software package has mistakenly included a part of its testing infrastructure during packaging.

Problem

Uniform Resource Locators (URLs) are structured addresses that point to locations and assets on the internet. URLs allow software developers to build complex applications that exchange data with servers that can be hosted in multiple geographical regions. URLs can commonly be found embedded in documentation, configuration files, source code and compiled binaries. Telegram, like many other instant messaging solutions, provides a public-facing API that the chat client can invoke when an appropriate application event occurs. Attackers often abuse Telegram APIs as a command-and-control mechanism that instructs the infected computer systems to perform malicious actions. While the presence of Telegram APIs does not imply malicious intent, all of their uses in a software package should be documented and approved. An increasing number of software supply chain attacks in the open source space leverages Telegram infrastructure for command and control.

Problem

Private keys and certificates are considered sensitive information that should not be included in released software packages. However, developers frequently release sensitive information alongside their applications to facilitate automated software testing. Testing keys and certificates often proliferate through the software supply chain. When such information gets shared publicly, it is catalogued by file reputation databases. Any private key and certificate files seen by a file reputation database prior to configured time threshold can be automatically suppressed. Commonly shared sensitive information is not considered to be secret.

Problem

Software as a Service (SaaS) platforms expose programmable interfaces to their authenticated users. These web services enable action automation and secure exchange of information. For authorization, users provide a unique token that confirms their access rights to the web service. Access tokens for supported web services are automatically validated via the least privilege APIs the service exposes. Detected tokens have been refused by their associated service as either inactive or expired. Web service access tokens are considered secrets. They should never be included in a software release package, even if they are currently inactive or if they are obfuscated by encryption on the client-side.